#9124: mailbox now accepts binary input and uses binary internally

Although this patch contains API changes and is rather weighty for an
RC phase, the mailbox module was essentially unusable without the patch
since it would produce UnicodeErrors when handling non-ascii input
at arbitrary and somewhat mysterious places, and any non-trivial amount
of email processing will encounter messages with non-ascii bytes.
The release manager approved the patch application.

The changes allow binary input, and reject non-ASCII string input early
with a useful message instead of failing mysteriously later.  Binary
is used internally for reading and writing the mailbox files.  StringIO
and Text file input are deprecated.

Initial patch by Victor Stinner, validated and expanded by R. David Murray.

Doc/library/mailbox.rst

@@ -81,13 +81,16 @@ Maildir, mbox, MH, Babyl, and MMDF.
       it.
 
       Parameter *message* may be a :class:`Message` instance, an
-      :class:`email.Message.Message` instance, a string, or a file-like object
-      (which should be open in text mode). If *message* is an instance of the
+      :class:`email.Message.Message` instance, a string, a byte string, or a
+      file-like object (which should be open in binary mode). If *message* is
+      an instance of the
       appropriate format-specific :class:`Message` subclass (e.g., if it's an
       :class:`mboxMessage` instance and this is an :class:`mbox` instance), its
       format-specific information is used. Otherwise, reasonable defaults for
       format-specific information are used.
 
+      .. versionchanged:: 3.2 support for binary input
+
 
    .. method:: remove(key)
                __delitem__(key)
@@ -108,8 +111,9 @@ Maildir, mbox, MH, Babyl, and MMDF.
       :exc:`KeyError` exception if no message already corresponds to *key*.
 
       As with :meth:`add`, parameter *message* may be a :class:`Message`
-      instance, an :class:`email.Message.Message` instance, a string, or a
-      file-like object (which should be open in text mode). If *message* is an
+      instance, an :class:`email.Message.Message` instance, a string, a byte
+      string, or a file-like object (which should be open in binary mode). If
+      *message* is an
       instance of the appropriate format-specific :class:`Message` subclass
       (e.g., if it's an :class:`mboxMessage` instance and this is an
       :class:`mbox` instance), its format-specific information is
@@ -171,10 +175,20 @@ Maildir, mbox, MH, Babyl, and MMDF.
       raise a :exc:`KeyError` exception if no such message exists.
 
 
+   .. method:: get_bytes(key)
+
+      Return a byte representation of the message corresponding to *key*, or
+      raise a :exc:`KeyError` exception if no such message exists.
+
+      .. versionadded:: 3.2
+
+
    .. method:: get_string(key)
 
       Return a string representation of the message corresponding to *key*, or
-      raise a :exc:`KeyError` exception if no such message exists.
+      raise a :exc:`KeyError` exception if no such message exists.  The
+      message is processed through :class:`email.message.Message` to
+      convert it to a 7bit clean representation.
 
 
    .. method:: get_file(key)
@@ -184,9 +198,11 @@ Maildir, mbox, MH, Babyl, and MMDF.
       file-like object behaves as if open in binary mode.  This file should be
       closed once it is no longer needed.
 
-      .. versionadded:: 3.2
-         The file-like object supports the context manager protocol, so that
-         you can use a :keyword:`with` statement to automatically close it.
+      .. versionchanged:: 3.2
+         The file object really is a binary file; previously it was incorrectly
+         returned in text mode.  Also, the file-like object now supports the
+         context manager protocol: you can use a :keyword:`with` statement to
+         automatically close it.
 
       .. note::
 
@@ -746,9 +762,11 @@ Maildir, mbox, MH, Babyl, and MMDF.
    If *message* is omitted, the new instance is created in a default, empty state.
    If *message* is an :class:`email.Message.Message` instance, its contents are
    copied; furthermore, any format-specific information is converted insofar as
-   possible if *message* is a :class:`Message` instance. If *message* is a string
+   possible if *message* is a :class:`Message` instance. If *message* is a string,
+   a byte string,
    or a file, it should contain an :rfc:`2822`\ -compliant message, which is read
-   and parsed.
+   and parsed.  Files should be open in binary mode, but text mode files
+   are accepted for backward compatibility.
 
    The format-specific state and behaviors offered by subclasses vary, but in
    general it is only the properties that are not specific to a particular

Lib/mailbox.py

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import calendar
 import socket
 import errno
 import copy
+import warnings
 import email
 import email.message
 import email.generator
@@ -31,6 +32,8 @@ __all__ = [ 'Mailbox', 'Maildir', 'mbox', 'MH', 'Babyl', 'MMDF',
             'Message', 'MaildirMessage', 'mboxMessage', 'MHMessage',
             'BabylMessage', 'MMDFMessage']
 
+linesep = os.linesep.encode('ascii')
+
 class Mailbox:
     """A group of messages in a particular place."""
 
@@ -80,7 +83,14 @@ class Mailbox:
         raise NotImplementedError('Method must be implemented by subclass')
 
     def get_string(self, key):
-        """Return a string representation or raise a KeyError."""
+        """Return a string representation or raise a KeyError.
+
+        Uses email.message.Message to create a 7bit clean string
+        representation of the message."""
+        return email.message_from_bytes(self.get_bytes(key)).as_string()
+
+    def get_bytes(self, key):
+        """Return a byte string representation or raise a KeyError."""
         raise NotImplementedError('Method must be implemented by subclass')
 
     def get_file(self, key):
@@ -186,31 +196,55 @@ class Mailbox:
         """Flush and close the mailbox."""
         raise NotImplementedError('Method must be implemented by subclass')
 
+    def _string_to_bytes(self, message):
+        # If a message is not 7bit clean, we refuse to handle it since it
+        # likely came from reading invalid messages in text mode, and that way
+        # lies mojibake.
+        try:
+            return message.encode('ascii')
+        except UnicodeError:
+            raise ValueError("String input must be ASCII-only; "
+                "use bytes or a Message instead")
+
     def _dump_message(self, message, target, mangle_from_=False):
-        # This assumes the target file is open in *text* mode with the
-        # desired encoding and newline setting.
+        # This assumes the target file is open in binary mode.
         """Dump message contents to target file."""
         if isinstance(message, email.message.Message):
-            buffer = io.StringIO()
-            gen = email.generator.Generator(buffer, mangle_from_, 0)
+            buffer = io.BytesIO()
+            gen = email.generator.BytesGenerator(buffer, mangle_from_, 0)
             gen.flatten(message)
             buffer.seek(0)
             data = buffer.read()
-            ##data = data.replace('\n', os.linesep)
+            data = data.replace(b'\n', linesep)
             target.write(data)
-        elif isinstance(message, str):
+        elif isinstance(message, (str, bytes, io.StringIO)):
+            if isinstance(message, io.StringIO):
+                warnings.warn("Use of StringIO input is deprecated, "
+                    "use BytesIO instead", DeprecationWarning, 3)
+                message = message.getvalue()
+            if isinstance(message, str):
+                message = self._string_to_bytes(message)
             if mangle_from_:
-                message = message.replace('\nFrom ', '\n>From ')
-            ##message = message.replace('\n', os.linesep)
+                message = message.replace(b'\nFrom ', b'\n>From ')
+            message = message.replace(b'\n', linesep)
             target.write(message)
         elif hasattr(message, 'read'):
+            if hasattr(message, 'buffer'):
+                warnings.warn("Use of text mode files is deprecated, "
+                    "use a binary mode file instead", DeprecationWarning, 3)
+                message = message.buffer
             while True:
                 line = message.readline()
+                # Universal newline support.
+                if line.endswith(b'\r\n'):
+                    line = line[:-2] + b'\n'
+                elif line.endswith(b'\r'):
+                    line = line[:-1] + b'\n'
                 if not line:
                     break
-                if mangle_from_ and line.startswith('From '):
-                    line = '>From ' + line[5:]
-                ##line = line.replace('\n', os.linesep)
+                if mangle_from_ and line.startswith(b'From '):
+                    line = b'>From ' + line[5:]
+                line = line.replace(b'\n', linesep)
                 target.write(line)
         else:
             raise TypeError('Invalid message type: %s' % type(message))
@@ -319,7 +353,7 @@ class Maildir(Mailbox):
     def get_message(self, key):
         """Return a Message representation or raise a KeyError."""
         subpath = self._lookup(key)
-        f = open(os.path.join(self._path, subpath), 'r', newline='')
+        f = open(os.path.join(self._path, subpath), 'rb')
         try:
             if self._factory:
                 msg = self._factory(f)
@@ -334,17 +368,17 @@ class Maildir(Mailbox):
         msg.set_date(os.path.getmtime(os.path.join(self._path, subpath)))
         return msg
 
-    def get_string(self, key):
-        """Return a string representation or raise a KeyError."""
-        f = open(os.path.join(self._path, self._lookup(key)), 'r', newline='')
+    def get_bytes(self, key):
+        """Return a bytes representation or raise a KeyError."""
+        f = open(os.path.join(self._path, self._lookup(key)), 'rb')
         try:
-            return f.read()
+            return f.read().replace(linesep, b'\n')
         finally:
             f.close()
 
     def get_file(self, key):
         """Return a file-like representation or raise a KeyError."""
-        f = open(os.path.join(self._path, self._lookup(key)), 'r', newline='')
+        f = open(os.path.join(self._path, self._lookup(key)), 'rb')
         return _ProxyFile(f)
 
     def iterkeys(self):
@@ -534,15 +568,15 @@ class _singlefileMailbox(Mailbox):
         """Initialize a single-file mailbox."""
         Mailbox.__init__(self, path, factory, create)
         try:
-            f = open(self._path, 'r+', newline='')
+            f = open(self._path, 'rb+')
         except IOError as e:
             if e.errno == errno.ENOENT:
                 if create:
-                    f = open(self._path, 'w+', newline='')
+                    f = open(self._path, 'wb+')
                 else:
                     raise NoSuchMailboxError(self._path)
             elif e.errno == errno.EACCES:
-                f = open(self._path, 'r', newline='')
+                f = open(self._path, 'rb')
             else:
                 raise
         self._file = f
@@ -708,20 +742,25 @@ class _mboxMMDF(_singlefileMailbox):
         """Return a Message representation or raise a KeyError."""
         start, stop = self._lookup(key)
         self._file.seek(start)
-        from_line = self._file.readline().replace(os.linesep, '')
+        from_line = self._file.readline().replace(linesep, b'')
         string = self._file.read(stop - self._file.tell())
-        msg = self._message_factory(string.replace(os.linesep, '\n'))
-        msg.set_from(from_line[5:])
+        msg = self._message_factory(string.replace(linesep, b'\n'))
+        msg.set_from(from_line[5:].decode('ascii'))
         return msg
 
     def get_string(self, key, from_=False):
+        """Return a string representation or raise a KeyError."""
+        return email.message_from_bytes(
+            self.get_bytes(key)).as_string(unixfrom=from_)
+
+    def get_bytes(self, key, from_=False):
         """Return a string representation or raise a KeyError."""
         start, stop = self._lookup(key)
         self._file.seek(start)
         if not from_:
             self._file.readline()
         string = self._file.read(stop - self._file.tell())
-        return string.replace(os.linesep, '\n')
+        return string.replace(linesep, b'\n')
 
     def get_file(self, key, from_=False):
         """Return a file-like representation or raise a KeyError."""
@@ -734,22 +773,27 @@ class _mboxMMDF(_singlefileMailbox):
     def _install_message(self, message):
         """Format a message and blindly write to self._file."""
         from_line = None
-        if isinstance(message, str) and message.startswith('From '):
-            newline = message.find('\n')
+        if isinstance(message, str):
+            message = self._string_to_bytes(message)
+        if isinstance(message, bytes) and message.startswith(b'From '):
+            newline = message.find(b'\n')
             if newline != -1:
                 from_line = message[:newline]
                 message = message[newline + 1:]
             else:
                 from_line = message
-                message = ''
+                message = b''
         elif isinstance(message, _mboxMMDFMessage):
-            from_line = 'From ' + message.get_from()
+            author = message.get_from().encode('ascii')
+            from_line = b'From ' + author
         elif isinstance(message, email.message.Message):
             from_line = message.get_unixfrom()  # May be None.
+            if from_line is not None:
+                from_line = from_line.encode('ascii')
         if from_line is None:
-            from_line = 'From MAILER-DAEMON %s' % time.asctime(time.gmtime())
+            from_line = b'From MAILER-DAEMON ' + time.asctime(time.gmtime()).encode()
         start = self._file.tell()
-        self._file.write(from_line + os.linesep)
+        self._file.write(from_line + linesep)
         self._dump_message(message, self._file, self._mangle_from_)
         stop = self._file.tell()
         return (start, stop)
@@ -768,7 +812,7 @@ class mbox(_mboxMMDF):
     def _pre_message_hook(self, f):
         """Called before writing each message to file f."""
         if f.tell() != 0:
-            f.write(os.linesep)
+            f.write(linesep)
 
     def _generate_toc(self):
         """Generate key-to-(start, stop) table of contents."""
@@ -777,9 +821,9 @@ class mbox(_mboxMMDF):
         while True:
             line_pos = self._file.tell()
             line = self._file.readline()
-            if line.startswith('From '):
+            if line.startswith(b'From '):
                 if len(stops) < len(starts):
-                    stops.append(line_pos - len(os.linesep))
+                    stops.append(line_pos - len(linesep))
                 starts.append(line_pos)
             elif not line:
                 stops.append(line_pos)
@@ -799,11 +843,11 @@ class MMDF(_mboxMMDF):
 
     def _pre_message_hook(self, f):
         """Called before writing each message to file f."""
-        f.write('\001\001\001\001' + os.linesep)
+        f.write(b'\001\001\001\001' + linesep)
 
     def _post_message_hook(self, f):
         """Called after writing each message to file f."""
-        f.write(os.linesep + '\001\001\001\001' + os.linesep)
+        f.write(linesep + b'\001\001\001\001' + linesep)
 
     def _generate_toc(self):
         """Generate key-to-(start, stop) table of contents."""
@@ -814,14 +858,14 @@ class MMDF(_mboxMMDF):
             line_pos = next_pos
             line = self._file.readline()
             next_pos = self._file.tell()
-            if line.startswith('\001\001\001\001' + os.linesep):
+            if line.startswith(b'\001\001\001\001' + linesep):
                 starts.append(next_pos)
                 while True:
                     line_pos = next_pos
                     line = self._file.readline()
                     next_pos = self._file.tell()
-                    if line == '\001\001\001\001' + os.linesep:
-                        stops.append(line_pos - len(os.linesep))
+                    if line == b'\001\001\001\001' + linesep:
+                        stops.append(line_pos - len(linesep))
                         break
                     elif not line:
                         stops.append(line_pos)
@@ -890,7 +934,7 @@ class MH(Mailbox):
         """Replace the keyed message; raise KeyError if it doesn't exist."""
         path = os.path.join(self._path, str(key))
         try:
-            f = open(path, 'r+', newline='')
+            f = open(path, 'rb+')
         except IOError as e:
             if e.errno == errno.ENOENT:
                 raise KeyError('No message with key: %s' % key)
@@ -914,9 +958,9 @@ class MH(Mailbox):
         """Return a Message representation or raise a KeyError."""
         try:
             if self._locked:
-                f = open(os.path.join(self._path, str(key)), 'r+', newline='')
+                f = open(os.path.join(self._path, str(key)), 'rb+')
             else:
-                f = open(os.path.join(self._path, str(key)), 'r', newline='')
+                f = open(os.path.join(self._path, str(key)), 'rb')
         except IOError as e:
             if e.errno == errno.ENOENT:
                 raise KeyError('No message with key: %s' % key)
@@ -937,13 +981,13 @@ class MH(Mailbox):
                 msg.add_sequence(name)
         return msg
 
-    def get_string(self, key):
-        """Return a string representation or raise a KeyError."""
+    def get_bytes(self, key):
+        """Return a bytes representation or raise a KeyError."""
         try:
             if self._locked:
-                f = open(os.path.join(self._path, str(key)), 'r+', newline='')
+                f = open(os.path.join(self._path, str(key)), 'rb+')
             else:
-                f = open(os.path.join(self._path, str(key)), 'r', newline='')
+                f = open(os.path.join(self._path, str(key)), 'rb')
         except IOError as e:
             if e.errno == errno.ENOENT:
                 raise KeyError('No message with key: %s' % key)
@@ -953,7 +997,7 @@ class MH(Mailbox):
             if self._locked:
                 _lock_file(f)
             try:
-                return f.read()
+                return f.read().replace(linesep, b'\n')
             finally:
                 if self._locked:
                     _unlock_file(f)
@@ -963,7 +1007,7 @@ class MH(Mailbox):
     def get_file(self, key):
         """Return a file-like representation or raise a KeyError."""
         try:
-            f = open(os.path.join(self._path, str(key)), 'r', newline='')
+            f = open(os.path.join(self._path, str(key)), 'rb')
         except IOError as e:
             if e.errno == errno.ENOENT:
                 raise KeyError('No message with key: %s' % key)
@@ -1041,7 +1085,7 @@ class MH(Mailbox):
     def get_sequences(self):
         """Return a name-to-key-list dictionary to define each sequence."""
         results = {}
-        f = open(os.path.join(self._path, '.mh_sequences'), 'r', newline='')
+        f = open(os.path.join(self._path, '.mh_sequences'), 'r')
         try:
             all_keys = set(self.keys())
             for line in f:
@@ -1067,13 +1111,13 @@ class MH(Mailbox):
 
     def set_sequences(self, sequences):
         """Set sequences using the given name-to-key-list dictionary."""
-        f = open(os.path.join(self._path, '.mh_sequences'), 'r+', newline='')
+        f = open(os.path.join(self._path, '.mh_sequences'), 'r+')
         try:
             os.close(os.open(f.name, os.O_WRONLY | os.O_TRUNC))
             for name, keys in sequences.items():
                 if len(keys) == 0:
                     continue
-                f.write('%s:' % name)
+                f.write(name + ':')
                 prev = None
                 completing = False
                 for key in sorted(set(keys)):
@@ -1168,50 +1212,55 @@ class Babyl(_singlefileMailbox):
         """Return a Message representation or raise a KeyError."""
         start, stop = self._lookup(key)
         self._file.seek(start)
-        self._file.readline()   # Skip '1,' line specifying labels.
-        original_headers = io.StringIO()
+        self._file.readline()   # Skip b'1,' line specifying labels.
+        original_headers = io.BytesIO()
         while True:
             line = self._file.readline()
-            if line == '*** EOOH ***' + os.linesep or not line:
+            if line == b'*** EOOH ***' + linesep or not line:
                 break
-            original_headers.write(line.replace(os.linesep, '\n'))
-        visible_headers = io.StringIO()
+            original_headers.write(line.replace(linesep, b'\n'))
+        visible_headers = io.BytesIO()
         while True:
             line = self._file.readline()
-            if line == os.linesep or not line:
+            if line == linesep or not line:
                 break
-            visible_headers.write(line.replace(os.linesep, '\n'))
-        body = self._file.read(stop - self._file.tell()).replace(os.linesep,
-                                                                 '\n')
+            visible_headers.write(line.replace(linesep, b'\n'))
+        # Read up to the stop, or to the end
+        n = stop - self._file.tell()
+        assert n >= 0
+        body = self._file.read(n)
+        body = body.replace(linesep, b'\n')
         msg = BabylMessage(original_headers.getvalue() + body)
         msg.set_visible(visible_headers.getvalue())
         if key in self._labels:
             msg.set_labels(self._labels[key])
         return msg
 
-    def get_string(self, key):
+    def get_bytes(self, key):
         """Return a string representation or raise a KeyError."""
         start, stop = self._lookup(key)
         self._file.seek(start)
-        self._file.readline()   # Skip '1,' line specifying labels.
-        original_headers = io.StringIO()
+        self._file.readline()   # Skip b'1,' line specifying labels.
+        original_headers = io.BytesIO()
         while True:
             line = self._file.readline()
-            if line == '*** EOOH ***' + os.linesep or not line:
+            if line == b'*** EOOH ***' + linesep or not line:
                 break
-            original_headers.write(line.replace(os.linesep, '\n'))
+            original_headers.write(line.replace(linesep, b'\n'))
         while True:
             line = self._file.readline()
-            if line == os.linesep or not line:
+            if line == linesep or not line:
                 break
-        return original_headers.getvalue() + \
-               self._file.read(stop - self._file.tell()).replace(os.linesep,
-                                                                 '\n')
+        headers = original_headers.getvalue()
+        n = stop - self._file.tell()
+        assert n >= 0
+        data = self._file.read(n)
+        data = data.replace(linesep, b'\n')
+        return headers + data
 
     def get_file(self, key):
         """Return a file-like representation or raise a KeyError."""
-        return io.StringIO(self.get_string(key).replace('\n',
-                                                              os.linesep))
+        return io.BytesIO(self.get_bytes(key).replace(b'\n', linesep))
 
     def get_labels(self):
         """Return a list of user-defined labels in the mailbox."""
@@ -1232,19 +1281,19 @@ class Babyl(_singlefileMailbox):
             line_pos = next_pos
             line = self._file.readline()
             next_pos = self._file.tell()
-            if line == '\037\014' + os.linesep:
+            if line == b'\037\014' + linesep:
                 if len(stops) < len(starts):
-                    stops.append(line_pos - len(os.linesep))
+                    stops.append(line_pos - len(linesep))
                 starts.append(next_pos)
                 labels = [label.strip() for label
-                                        in self._file.readline()[1:].split(',')
+                                        in self._file.readline()[1:].split(b',')
                                         if label.strip()]
                 label_lists.append(labels)
-            elif line == '\037' or line == '\037' + os.linesep:
+            elif line == b'\037' or line == b'\037' + linesep:
                 if len(stops) < len(starts):
-                    stops.append(line_pos - len(os.linesep))
+                    stops.append(line_pos - len(linesep))
             elif not line:
-                stops.append(line_pos - len(os.linesep))
+                stops.append(line_pos - len(linesep))
                 break
         self._toc = dict(enumerate(zip(starts, stops)))
         self._labels = dict(enumerate(label_lists))
@@ -1254,17 +1303,21 @@ class Babyl(_singlefileMailbox):
 
     def _pre_mailbox_hook(self, f):
         """Called before writing the mailbox to file f."""
-        f.write('BABYL OPTIONS:%sVersion: 5%sLabels:%s%s\037' %
-                (os.linesep, os.linesep, ','.join(self.get_labels()),
-                 os.linesep))
+        babyl = b'BABYL OPTIONS:' + linesep
+        babyl += b'Version: 5' + linesep
+        labels = self.get_labels()
+        labels = (label.encode() for label in labels)
+        babyl += b'Labels:' + b','.join(labels) + linesep
+        babyl += b'\037'
+        f.write(babyl)
 
     def _pre_message_hook(self, f):
         """Called before writing each message to file f."""
-        f.write('\014' + os.linesep)
+        f.write(b'\014' + linesep)
 
     def _post_message_hook(self, f):
         """Called after writing each message to file f."""
-        f.write(os.linesep + '\037')
+        f.write(linesep + b'\037')
 
     def _install_message(self, message):
         """Write message contents and return (start, stop)."""
@@ -1277,68 +1330,80 @@ class Babyl(_singlefileMailbox):
                     special_labels.append(label)
                 else:
                     labels.append(label)
-            self._file.write('1')
+            self._file.write(b'1')
             for label in special_labels:
-                self._file.write(', ' + label)
-            self._file.write(',,')
+                self._file.write(b', ' + label.encode())
+            self._file.write(b',,')
             for label in labels:
-                self._file.write(' ' + label + ',')
-            self._file.write(os.linesep)
+                self._file.write(b' ' + label.encode() + b',')
+            self._file.write(linesep)
         else:
-            self._file.write('1,,' + os.linesep)
+            self._file.write(b'1,,' + linesep)
         if isinstance(message, email.message.Message):
-            orig_buffer = io.StringIO()
-            orig_generator = email.generator.Generator(orig_buffer, False, 0)
+            orig_buffer = io.BytesIO()
+            orig_generator = email.generator.BytesGenerator(orig_buffer, False, 0)
             orig_generator.flatten(message)
             orig_buffer.seek(0)
             while True:
                 line = orig_buffer.readline()
-                self._file.write(line.replace('\n', os.linesep))
-                if line == '\n' or not line:
+                self._file.write(line.replace(b'\n', linesep))
+                if line == b'\n' or not line:
                     break
-            self._file.write('*** EOOH ***' + os.linesep)
+            self._file.write(b'*** EOOH ***' + linesep)
             if isinstance(message, BabylMessage):
-                vis_buffer = io.StringIO()
-                vis_generator = email.generator.Generator(vis_buffer, False, 0)
+                vis_buffer = io.BytesIO()
+                vis_generator = email.generator.BytesGenerator(vis_buffer, False, 0)
                 vis_generator.flatten(message.get_visible())
                 while True:
                     line = vis_buffer.readline()
-                    self._file.write(line.replace('\n', os.linesep))
-                    if line == '\n' or not line:
+                    self._file.write(line.replace(b'\n', linesep))
+                    if line == b'\n' or not line:
                         break
             else:
                 orig_buffer.seek(0)
                 while True:
                     line = orig_buffer.readline()
-                    self._file.write(line.replace('\n', os.linesep))
-                    if line == '\n' or not line:
+                    self._file.write(line.replace(b'\n', linesep))
+                    if line == b'\n' or not line:
                         break
             while True:
                 buffer = orig_buffer.read(4096) # Buffer size is arbitrary.
                 if not buffer:
                     break
-                self._file.write(buffer.replace('\n', os.linesep))
-        elif isinstance(message, str):
-            body_start = message.find('\n\n') + 2
+                self._file.write(buffer.replace(b'\n', linesep))
+        elif isinstance(message, (bytes, str, io.StringIO)):
+            if isinstance(message, io.StringIO):
+                warnings.warn("Use of StringIO input is deprecated, "
+                    "use BytesIO instead", DeprecationWarning, 3)
+                message = message.getvalue()
+            if isinstance(message, str):
+                message = self._string_to_bytes(message)
+            body_start = message.find(b'\n\n') + 2
             if body_start - 2 != -1:
-                self._file.write(message[:body_start].replace('\n',
-                                                              os.linesep))
-                self._file.write('*** EOOH ***' + os.linesep)
-                self._file.write(message[:body_start].replace('\n',
-                                                              os.linesep))
-                self._file.write(message[body_start:].replace('\n',
-                                                              os.linesep))
+                self._file.write(message[:body_start].replace(b'\n', linesep))
+                self._file.write(b'*** EOOH ***' + linesep)
+                self._file.write(message[:body_start].replace(b'\n', linesep))
+                self._file.write(message[body_start:].replace(b'\n', linesep))
             else:
-                self._file.write('*** EOOH ***' + os.linesep + os.linesep)
-                self._file.write(message.replace('\n', os.linesep))
+                self._file.write(b'*** EOOH ***' + linesep + linesep)
+                self._file.write(message.replace(b'\n', linesep))
         elif hasattr(message, 'readline'):
+            if hasattr(message, 'buffer'):
+                warnings.warn("Use of text mode files is deprecated, "
+                    "use a binary mode file instead", DeprecationWarning, 3)
+                message = message.buffer
             original_pos = message.tell()
             first_pass = True
             while True:
                 line = message.readline()
-                self._file.write(line.replace('\n', os.linesep))
-                if line == '\n' or not line:
-                    self._file.write('*** EOOH ***' + os.linesep)
+                # Universal newline support.
+                if line.endswith(b'\r\n'):
+                    line = line[:-2] + b'\n'
+                elif line.endswith(b'\r'):
+                    line = line[:-1] + b'\n'
+                self._file.write(line.replace(b'\n', linesep))
+                if line == b'\n' or not line:
+                    self._file.write(b'*** EOOH ***' + linesep)
                     if first_pass:
                         first_pass = False
                         message.seek(original_pos)
@@ -1348,7 +1413,7 @@ class Babyl(_singlefileMailbox):
                 buffer = message.read(4096)     # Buffer size is arbitrary.
                 if not buffer:
                     break
-                self._file.write(buffer.replace('\n', os.linesep))
+                self._file.write(buffer.replace(b'\n', linesep))
         else:
             raise TypeError('Invalid message type: %s' % type(message))
         stop = self._file.tell()
@@ -1364,10 +1429,14 @@ class Message(email.message.Message):
             self._become_message(copy.deepcopy(message))
             if isinstance(message, Message):
                 message._explain_to(self)
+        elif isinstance(message, bytes):
+            self._become_message(email.message_from_bytes(message))
         elif isinstance(message, str):
             self._become_message(email.message_from_string(message))
-        elif hasattr(message, "read"):
+        elif isinstance(message, io.TextIOWrapper):
             self._become_message(email.message_from_file(message))
+        elif hasattr(message, "read"):
+            self._become_message(email.message_from_binary_file(message))
         elif message is None:
             email.message.Message.__init__(self)
         else:
@@ -1631,7 +1700,7 @@ class MHMessage(Message):
             if not sequence in self._sequences:
                 self._sequences.append(sequence)
         else:
-            raise TypeError('sequence must be a string: %s' % type(sequence))
+            raise TypeError('sequence type must be str: %s' % type(sequence))
 
     def remove_sequence(self, sequence):
         """Remove sequence from the list of sequences including the message."""
@@ -1791,6 +1860,10 @@ class _ProxyFile:
         """Read bytes."""
         return self._read(size, self._file.read)
 
+    def read1(self, size=None):
+        """Read bytes."""
+        return self._read(size, self._file.read1)
+
     def readline(self, size=None):
         """Read a line."""
         return self._read(size, self._file.readline)
@@ -1847,6 +1920,22 @@ class _ProxyFile:
     def __exit__(self, *exc):
         self.close()
 
+    def readable(self):
+        return self._file.readable()
+
+    def writable(self):
+        return self._file.writable()
+
+    def seekable(self):
+        return self._file.seekable()
+
+    def flush(self):
+        return self._file.flush()
+
+    @property
+    def closed(self):
+        return self._file.closed
+
 
 class _PartialFile(_ProxyFile):
     """A read-only wrapper of part of a file."""
@@ -1875,7 +1964,7 @@ class _PartialFile(_ProxyFile):
         """Read size bytes using read_method, honoring start and stop."""
         remaining = self._stop - self._pos
         if remaining <= 0:
-            return ''
+            return b''
         if size is None or size < 0 or size > remaining:
             size = remaining
         return _ProxyFile._read(self, size, read_method)
@@ -1942,7 +2031,7 @@ def _create_carefully(path):
     """Create a file if it doesn't exist and open for reading and writing."""
     fd = os.open(path, os.O_CREAT | os.O_EXCL | os.O_RDWR, 0o666)
     try:
-        return open(path, 'r+', newline='')
+        return open(path, 'rb+')
     finally:
         os.close(fd)
 

Lib/test/test_mailbox.py

@@ -7,8 +7,10 @@ import email
 import email.message
 import re
 import io
+import tempfile
 from test import support
 import unittest
+import textwrap
 import mailbox
 import glob
 try:
@@ -48,6 +50,8 @@ class TestBase(unittest.TestCase):
 
 class TestMailbox(TestBase):
 
+    maxDiff = None
+
     _factory = None     # Overridden by subclasses to reuse tests
     _template = 'From: foo\n\n%s'
 
@@ -69,14 +73,108 @@ class TestMailbox(TestBase):
         self.assertEqual(len(self._box), 2)
         keys.append(self._box.add(email.message_from_string(_sample_message)))
         self.assertEqual(len(self._box), 3)
-        keys.append(self._box.add(io.StringIO(_sample_message)))
+        keys.append(self._box.add(io.BytesIO(_bytes_sample_message)))
         self.assertEqual(len(self._box), 4)
         keys.append(self._box.add(_sample_message))
         self.assertEqual(len(self._box), 5)
+        keys.append(self._box.add(_bytes_sample_message))
+        self.assertEqual(len(self._box), 6)
+        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):
+            keys.append(self._box.add(
+                io.TextIOWrapper(io.BytesIO(_bytes_sample_message))))
+        self.assertEqual(len(self._box), 7)
         self.assertEqual(self._box.get_string(keys[0]), self._template % 0)
-        for i in (1, 2, 3, 4):
+        for i in (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6):
             self._check_sample(self._box[keys[i]])
 
+    _nonascii_msg = textwrap.dedent("""\
+            From: foo
+            Subject: Falinaptár házhozszállítással. Már rendeltél?
+
+            0
+            """)
+
+    def test_add_invalid_8bit_bytes_header(self):
+        key = self._box.add(self._nonascii_msg.encode('latin1'))
+        self.assertEqual(len(self._box), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(self._box.get_bytes(key),
+            self._nonascii_msg.encode('latin1'))
+
+    def test_invalid_nonascii_header_as_string(self):
+        subj = self._nonascii_msg.splitlines()[1]
+        key = self._box.add(subj.encode('latin1'))
+        self.assertEqual(self._box.get_string(key),
+            'Subject: =?unknown-8bit?b?RmFsaW5hcHThciBo4Xpob3pzeuFsbO104XNz'
+            'YWwuIE3hciByZW5kZWx06Ww/?=\n\n')
+
+    def test_add_nonascii_header_raises(self):
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "ASCII-only"):
+            self._box.add(self._nonascii_msg)
+
+    _non_latin_bin_msg = textwrap.dedent("""\
+        From: foo@bar.com
+        To: báz
+        Subject: Maintenant je vous présente mon collègue, le pouf célèbre
+        \tJean de Baddie
+        Mime-Version: 1.0
+        Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
+        Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+
+        Да, они летят.
+        """).encode('utf-8')
+
+    def test_add_8bit_body(self):
+        key = self._box.add(self._non_latin_bin_msg)
+        self.assertEqual(self._box.get_bytes(key),
+                         self._non_latin_bin_msg)
+        with self._box.get_file(key) as f:
+            self.assertEqual(f.read(),
+                             self._non_latin_bin_msg.replace(b'\n',
+                                os.linesep.encode()))
+        self.assertEqual(self._box[key].get_payload(),
+                        "Да, они летят.\n")
+
+    def test_add_binary_file(self):
+        with tempfile.TemporaryFile('wb+') as f:
+            f.write(_bytes_sample_message)
+            f.seek(0)
+            key = self._box.add(f)
+        # See issue 11062
+        if not isinstance(self._box, mailbox.Babyl):
+            self.assertEqual(self._box.get_bytes(key).split(b'\n'),
+                _bytes_sample_message.split(b'\n'))
+
+    def test_add_binary_nonascii_file(self):
+        with tempfile.TemporaryFile('wb+') as f:
+            f.write(self._non_latin_bin_msg)
+            f.seek(0)
+            key = self._box.add(f)
+        # See issue 11062
+        if not isinstance(self._box, mailbox.Babyl):
+            self.assertEqual(self._box.get_bytes(key).split(b'\n'),
+                self._non_latin_bin_msg.split(b'\n'))
+
+    def test_add_text_file_warns(self):
+        with tempfile.TemporaryFile('w+') as f:
+            f.write(_sample_message)
+            f.seek(0)
+            with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):
+                key = self._box.add(f)
+        # See issue 11062
+        if not isinstance(self._box, mailbox.Babyl):
+            self.assertEqual(self._box.get_bytes(key).split(b'\n'),
+                _bytes_sample_message.split(b'\n'))
+
+    def test_add_StringIO_warns(self):
+        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):
+            key = self._box.add(io.StringIO(self._template % "0"))
+        self.assertEqual(self._box.get_string(key), self._template % "0")
+
+    def test_add_nonascii_StringIO_raises(self):
+        with self.assertWarns(DeprecationWarning):
+            with self.assertRaisesRegex(ValueError, "ASCII-only"):
+                self._box.add(io.StringIO(self._nonascii_msg))
+
     def test_remove(self):
         # Remove messages using remove()
         self._test_remove_or_delitem(self._box.remove)
@@ -154,12 +252,21 @@ class TestMailbox(TestBase):
         self.assertEqual(msg0.get_payload(), '0')
         self._check_sample(self._box.get_message(key1))
 
+    def test_get_bytes(self):
+        # Get bytes representations of messages
+        key0 = self._box.add(self._template % 0)
+        key1 = self._box.add(_sample_message)
+        self.assertEqual(self._box.get_bytes(key0),
+            (self._template % 0).encode('ascii'))
+        self.assertEqual(self._box.get_bytes(key1), _bytes_sample_message)
+
     def test_get_string(self):
         # Get string representations of messages
         key0 = self._box.add(self._template % 0)
         key1 = self._box.add(_sample_message)
         self.assertEqual(self._box.get_string(key0), self._template % 0)
-        self.assertEqual(self._box.get_string(key1), _sample_message)
+        self.assertEqual(self._box.get_string(key1).split('\n'),
+                         _sample_message.split('\n'))
 
     def test_get_file(self):
         # Get file representations of messages
@@ -169,9 +276,9 @@ class TestMailbox(TestBase):
             data0 = file.read()
         with self._box.get_file(key1) as file:
             data1 = file.read()
-        self.assertEqual(data0.replace(os.linesep, '\n'),
+        self.assertEqual(data0.decode('ascii').replace(os.linesep, '\n'),
                          self._template % 0)
-        self.assertEqual(data1.replace(os.linesep, '\n'),
+        self.assertEqual(data1.decode('ascii').replace(os.linesep, '\n'),
                          _sample_message)
 
     def test_iterkeys(self):
@@ -405,11 +512,12 @@ class TestMailbox(TestBase):
     def test_dump_message(self):
         # Write message representations to disk
         for input in (email.message_from_string(_sample_message),
-                      _sample_message, io.StringIO(_sample_message)):
-            output = io.StringIO()
+                      _sample_message, io.BytesIO(_bytes_sample_message)):
+            output = io.BytesIO()
             self._box._dump_message(input, output)
-            self.assertEqual(output.getvalue(), _sample_message)
-        output = io.StringIO()
+            self.assertEqual(output.getvalue(),
+                _bytes_sample_message.replace(b'\n', os.linesep.encode()))
+        output = io.BytesIO()
         self.assertRaises(TypeError,
                           lambda: self._box._dump_message(None, output))
 
@@ -439,6 +547,7 @@ class TestMailboxSuperclass(TestBase):
         self.assertRaises(NotImplementedError, lambda: box.__getitem__(''))
         self.assertRaises(NotImplementedError, lambda: box.get_message(''))
         self.assertRaises(NotImplementedError, lambda: box.get_string(''))
+        self.assertRaises(NotImplementedError, lambda: box.get_bytes(''))
         self.assertRaises(NotImplementedError, lambda: box.get_file(''))
         self.assertRaises(NotImplementedError, lambda: '' in box)
         self.assertRaises(NotImplementedError, lambda: box.__contains__(''))
@@ -640,9 +749,9 @@ class TestMaildir(TestMailbox):
                              "Host name mismatch: '%s' should be '%s'" %
                              (groups[4], hostname))
             previous_groups = groups
-            tmp_file.write(_sample_message)
+            tmp_file.write(_bytes_sample_message)
             tmp_file.seek(0)
-            self.assertEqual(tmp_file.read(), _sample_message)
+            self.assertEqual(tmp_file.read(), _bytes_sample_message)
             tmp_file.close()
         file_count = len(os.listdir(os.path.join(self._path, "tmp")))
         self.assertEqual(file_count, repetitions,
@@ -787,6 +896,12 @@ class _TestMboxMMDF(TestMailbox):
         self.assertEqual(self._box[key].get_from(), 'foo@bar blah')
         self.assertEqual(self._box[key].get_payload(), '0')
 
+    def test_add_from_bytes(self):
+        # Add a byte string starting with 'From ' to the mailbox
+        key = self._box.add(b'From foo@bar blah\nFrom: foo\n\n0')
+        self.assertEqual(self._box[key].get_from(), 'foo@bar blah')
+        self.assertEqual(self._box[key].get_payload(), '0')
+
     def test_add_mbox_or_mmdf_message(self):
         # Add an mboxMessage or MMDFMessage
         for class_ in (mailbox.mboxMessage, mailbox.MMDFMessage):
@@ -817,7 +932,7 @@ class _TestMboxMMDF(TestMailbox):
         self._box._file.seek(0)
         contents = self._box._file.read()
         self._box.close()
-        with open(self._path, 'r', newline='') as f:
+        with open(self._path, 'rb') as f:
             self.assertEqual(contents, f.read())
         self._box = self._factory(self._path)
 
@@ -1087,6 +1202,15 @@ class TestMessage(TestBase):
             self._post_initialize_hook(msg)
             self._check_sample(msg)
 
+    def test_initialize_with_binary_file(self):
+        # Initialize based on contents of binary file
+        with open(self._path, 'wb+') as f:
+            f.write(_bytes_sample_message)
+            f.seek(0)
+            msg = self._factory(f)
+            self._post_initialize_hook(msg)
+            self._check_sample(msg)
+
     def test_initialize_with_nothing(self):
         # Initialize without arguments
         msg = self._factory()
@@ -1363,6 +1487,14 @@ class TestMessageConversion(TestBase):
             msg_plain = mailbox.Message(msg)
             self._check_sample(msg_plain)
 
+    def test_x_from_bytes(self):
+        # Convert all formats to Message
+        for class_ in (mailbox.Message, mailbox.MaildirMessage,
+                       mailbox.mboxMessage, mailbox.MHMessage,
+                       mailbox.BabylMessage, mailbox.MMDFMessage):
+            msg = class_(_bytes_sample_message)
+            self._check_sample(msg)
+
     def test_x_to_invalid(self):
         # Convert all formats to an invalid format
         for class_ in (mailbox.Message, mailbox.MaildirMessage,
@@ -1908,6 +2040,8 @@ H4sICM2D1UIAA3RleHQAC8nILFYAokSFktSKEoW0zJxUPa7wzJIMhZLyfIWczLzUYj0uAHTs
 --NMuMz9nt05w80d4+--
 """
 
+_bytes_sample_message = _sample_message.encode('ascii')
+
 _sample_headers = {
     "Return-Path":"<gkj@gregorykjohnson.com>",
     "X-Original-To":"gkj+person@localhost",

Misc/NEWS

@@ -16,6 +16,12 @@ Core and Builtins
 Library
 -------
 
+- Issue #9124: mailbox now accepts binary input and reads and writes mailbox
+  files in binary mode, using the email package's binary support to parse
+  arbitrary email messages.  StringIO and text file input is deprecated,
+  and string input fails early if non-ASCII characters are used, where
+  previously it would fail when the email was processed in a later step.
+
 - Issue #10845: Mitigate the incompatibility between the multiprocessing
   module on Windows and the use of package, zipfile or directory execution
   by special casing main modules that actually *are* called __main__.py.