Double-fix of crash in Unicode freelist handling.

If a length-1 Unicode string was in the freelist and it was
uninitialized or pointed to a very large (magnitude) negative number,
the check

	 unicode_latin1[unicode->str[0]] == unicode

could cause a segmentation violation, e.g. unicode->str[0] is 0xcbcbcbcb.

Fix this in two ways:

1. Change guard befor unicode_latin1[] to test against 256U.  If I
   understand correctly, the unsigned long used to store UCS4 on my
   box was getting converted to a signed long to compare with the
   signed constant 256.

2. Change _PyUnicode_New() to make sure the first element of str is
   always initialized to zero.  There are several places in the code
   where the caller can exit with an error before initializing any
   of str, which would leave junk in str[0].

Also, silence a compiler warning on pointer vs. int arithmetic.

Bug fix candidate.

Misc/NEWS

@@ -12,6 +12,11 @@ What's New in Python 2.4 alpha 1?
 Core and builtins
 -----------------
 
+- Fixed a bug in the cache of length-one Unicode strings that could
+  lead to a seg fault.  The specific problem occurred when an earlier,
+  non-fatal error left an uninitialized Unicode object in the
+  freelist.
+
 - The % formatting operator now supports '%F' which is equivalent to
   '%f'.  This has always been documented but never implemented.
 

Objects/unicodeobject.c

@@ -132,7 +132,8 @@ int unicode_resize(register PyUnicodeObject *unicode,
        instead ! */
     if (unicode == unicode_empty || 
 	(unicode->length == 1 && 
-	 unicode->str[0] < 256 &&
+         /* XXX Is unicode->str[] always unsigned? */
+	 unicode->str[0] < 256U &&
 	 unicode_latin1[unicode->str[0]] == unicode)) {
         PyErr_SetString(PyExc_SystemError,
                         "can't resize shared unicode objects");
@@ -211,6 +212,10 @@ PyUnicodeObject *_PyUnicode_New(int length)
 	PyErr_NoMemory();
 	goto onError;
     }
+    /* Initialize the first element to guard against cases where
+       the caller fails before initializing str.
+    */
+    unicode->str[0] = 0;
     unicode->str[length] = 0;
     unicode->length = length;
     unicode->hash = -1;
@@ -2527,7 +2532,7 @@ PyObject *PyUnicode_DecodeASCII(const char *s,
 	else {
 	    startinpos = s-starts;
 	    endinpos = startinpos + 1;
-	    outpos = p-PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v);
+	    outpos = p - (Py_UNICODE *)PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE(v);
 	    if (unicode_decode_call_errorhandler(
 		 errors, &errorHandler,
 		 "ascii", "ordinal not in range(128)",