(cherry picked from commit 32cb968a)

(cherry picked from commit b066edfb)

CPython workflow is changing!  We're going to start using "blurb"
to manage Misc/NEWS entries:
    https://github.com/python/core-workflow
(This will be a big win for release managers, honest.)

This checkin simply populates the "Misc/NEWS.d" subdirectory tree
so that people can start putting their news entries in there.
No other changes (yet).

delaying the main thread so that it doesn't race ahead of the workers.

(cherry picked from commit 020af2a2)

* Silence warnings caused by duplicated defines from Modules\expat\winconfig.h
* Add WIN32 define to VS9.0 project files to match MSBuild project files.

* bpo-30694: Upgrade Modules/expat/ to libexpat 2.2.1 (#2300)

New file: Modules/expat/siphash.h.
(cherry picked from commit 5ff71323)

* siphash.h: Address lack of stdint.h for Visual Studio 2003-2008

(cherry picked from libexpat commit c74d380b8f0b5215153d840d2af9455d9c53b960)

* bpo-30368: Update build_ssl.py to restore Perl-less building

OpenSSL 1.0.2 releases changed how files are copied in the makefile,
thus causing Perl to be required even for Python's "prepared" OpenSSL.
Now build_ssl.py does the requisite copies before running nmake.

* bpo-30368: Update build_ssl.py to use prepared OpenSSL

* Updates SSL-linking projects to use the new include{suffix} directory
* build_ssl.py now only copies those files not handled by prepare_ssl.py

* * bpo-30368: Update build_ssl.py to use prepared OpenSSL

* Update SSL-linking projects to use the new include{suffix} directory

* Move comment to following line

The current regex based splitting produces a wrong result. For example::

  http://abc#@def

Web browsers parse that URL as ``http://abc/#@def``, that is, the host
is ``abc``, the path is ``/``, and the fragment is ``#@def``.
(cherry picked from commit 90e01e50)

[2.7] bpo-30540, bpo-30523: Add --matchfile and --list-cases options to regrtest

regrtest now warms up caches: create explicitly all internal
singletons which are created on demand to prevent false positives
when checking for reference leaks.

* bpo-29591: Upgrade Modules/expat to libexpat 2.2

* bpo-29591: Restore Python changes on expat

* bpo-29591: Remove expat config of unsupported platforms

Remove the configuration (Modules/expat/*config.h) of unsupported
platforms:

* Amiga
* MacOS Classic on PPC32
* Open Watcom

* bpo-29591: Remove useless XML_HAS_SET_HASH_SALT

The XML_HAS_SET_HASH_SALT define of Modules/expat/expat.h became
useless since our local expat copy was upgrade to expat 2.1 (it's now
expat 2.2.0).

(cherry picked from commit 23ec4b57)

(cherry picked from commit 184bd82b)

Replace platform with platforms.
(cherry picked from commit 4ebf03d1)

* bpo-24484: Avoid race condition in multiprocessing cleanup

The finalizer registry can be mutated while inspected by multiprocessing
at process exit.

* Use test.support.start_threads()

* Add Misc/NEWS.
(cherry picked from commit 1eb6c007)

Add a test to check the current MAGIC_NUMBER against the
expected number for the release if the current release is
at candidate or final level. On test failure, describe to
the developer the procedure for changing the magic number.

This ensures that pre-merge CI will automatically pick up
on magic number changes in maintenance releases (and
explain why those are problematic), rather than relying on
all core developers to be aware of the implications of
such changes.

PyNumber_Int() creates a new reference: need to decrement result
reference counter.

(cherry picked from commit d79c1d4a)

(cherry picked from commit dc980dfbcfce4695ccde056c3983160ba97b5a36)

The traceback no longer displayed for SystemExit raised in a callback registered by atexit..
(cherry picked from commit 3fd54d4a)

import json before using json module
(cherry picked from commit 1dbce04d)

(cherry-picked from commit 0afbabe2)

Also adds `python.exe-gdb.py` to `.gitignore`, it is created by OS X builds.

Also updates checked-in line endings in several files.

Mention that fnmatchcase does not call normcase, and fnmatch does.
(cherry picked from commit e5f6e86c)

* bpo-30614: testInitNonExistentFile() of test_bz2 leaks references

Extract the code of BZ2File_dealloc and create a new BZ2File_clear()
function. Call BZ2File_clear() in BZ2File_dealloc().

Define BZ2File_clear() as tp_clear.

Move the lock initialization before the "self->file =
PyObject_CallFunction" in BZ2File_init() and check the lock is not
created twice.

Call BZ2File_clear() in BZ2File_init() after the init of the lock
Co-Authored-By: Victor Stinner <victor.stinner@gmail.com>

* Create bz2module.c

Fix after the review of Victor Stinner

(cherry picked from commit 42e3acda)

On Windows, subprocess.Popen.communicate() now also ignore EINVAL
on stdin.write() if the child process is still running but closed the
pipe.
(cherry picked from commit d52aa313)

* Update config.{guess,sub} from gnu.org..
(cherry picked from commit 6f46683a)

* bpo-23787: Change sum() docstring from sequence to iterable

Original patch by Raymond Hettinger.

(cherry picked from commit 167e0fc2)

Also weakens the 'should this be run?' regex to allow all builds when .travis.yml changes.
(cherry picked from commit c53b13b2)

Metaprogramming a list of attributes was excessive, and made the code less readable and slower.

Backport of 5de3a641

Also on the short-lived `buildbot-custom` branch.
(cherry picked from commit d3bedf35)

Initially the macOS builds are allowed to fail until such time that they can be determined to be stable and not add an unacceptable amount of time to the overall Travis-passing process.
(cherry picked from commit 21c2dd7c)

(cherry picked from commit 0737ee20)

The "iterable iterable" phrasing created confusion between the term
reference and the parameter name.

This simplifies the phrasing to just use the parameter name
without linking directly to the term definition..
(cherry picked from commit 08e2f355)