Fixed #30367 -- Changed "pip install" to "python -m pip install" in docs, comments and hints.

django/db/models/fields/files.py

@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ class ImageField(FileField):
                 checks.Error(
                     'Cannot use ImageField because Pillow is not installed.',
                     hint=('Get Pillow at https://pypi.org/project/Pillow/ '
-                          'or run command "pip install Pillow".'),
+                          'or run command "python -m pip install Pillow".'),
                     obj=self,
                     id='fields.E210',
                 )

django/test/runner.py

@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ parallel test runner to handle this exception cleanly.
 
 In order to see the traceback, you should install tblib:
 
-    pip install tblib
+    python -m pip install tblib
 """.format(test, original_exc_txt))
             else:
                 print("""

docs/README

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ This allows it to be built into other forms for easier viewing and browsing.
 
 To create an HTML version of the docs:
 
-* Install Sphinx (using ``pip install Sphinx`` or some other method)
+* Install Sphinx (using ``python -m pip install Sphinx`` or some other method).
 
 * In this docs/ directory, type ``make html`` (or ``make.bat html`` on
   Windows) at a shell prompt.

docs/howto/deployment/wsgi/gunicorn.txt

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ dependencies and is easy to install and use.
 Installing Gunicorn
 ===================
 
-Installing gunicorn is as easy as ``pip install gunicorn``. For more
+Installing gunicorn is as easy as ``python -m pip install gunicorn``. For more
 details, see the `gunicorn documentation`_.
 
 .. _gunicorn documentation: https://docs.gunicorn.org/en/latest/install.html

docs/howto/deployment/wsgi/uwsgi.txt

@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ command. For example:
 .. code-block:: console
 
     # Install current stable version.
-    $ pip install uwsgi
+    $ python -m pip install uwsgi
 
     # Or install LTS (long term support).
-    $ pip install https://projects.unbit.it/downloads/uwsgi-lts.tar.gz
+    $ python -m pip install https://projects.unbit.it/downloads/uwsgi-lts.tar.gz
 
 .. _installation procedures: https://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Install.html
 

docs/howto/outputting-pdf.txt

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ You can install ReportLab with ``pip``:
 
 .. console::
 
-    $ pip install reportlab
+    $ python -m pip install reportlab
 
 Test your installation by importing it in the Python interactive interpreter::
 

docs/howto/upgrade-version.txt

@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ If you installed Django with pip_, you can use the ``--upgrade`` or ``-U`` flag:
 
 .. console::
 
-   $ pip install -U Django
+   $ python -m pip install -U Django
 
 .. _pip: https://pip.pypa.io/
 .. _virtualenv: https://virtualenv.pypa.io/

docs/howto/windows.txt

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ each Django project you create. While not mandatory, this is considered a best
 practice and will save you time in the future when you're ready to deploy your
 project. Simply type::
 
-    pip install virtualenvwrapper-win
+    python -m pip install virtualenvwrapper-win
 
 Then create a virtual environment for your project::
 
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ Django can be installed easily using ``pip`` within your virtual environment.
 In the command prompt, ensure your virtual environment is active, and execute
 the following command::
 
-    pip install django
+    python -m pip install django
 
 This will download and install the latest Django release.
 
@@ -93,8 +93,8 @@ Common pitfalls
   than one Python version installed.
 
 * If you are connecting to the internet behind a proxy, there might be problem
-  in running the command ``pip install django``. Set the environment variables
-  for proxy configuration in the command prompt as follows::
+  in running the command ``python -m pip install django``. Set the environment
+  variables for proxy configuration in the command prompt as follows::
 
     set http_proxy=http://username:password@proxyserver:proxyport
     set https_proxy=https://username:password@proxyserver:proxyport

docs/internals/contributing/writing-code/coding-style.txt

@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ Imports
 
   .. console::
 
-      $ pip install isort
+      $ python -m pip install isort
       $ isort -rc .
 
   This runs ``isort`` recursively from your current directory, modifying any

docs/internals/contributing/writing-code/javascript.txt

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ version. To run it:
 
 .. console::
 
-    $ pip install closure
+    $ python -m pip install closure
     $ python django/contrib/admin/bin/compress.py
 
 Behind the scenes, ``compress.py`` is a front-end for Google's

docs/internals/contributing/writing-code/unit-tests.txt

@@ -30,8 +30,8 @@ Next, clone your fork, install some requirements, and run the tests::
 
    $ git clone git@github.com:YourGitHubName/django.git django-repo
    $ cd django-repo/tests
-   $ pip install -e ..
-   $ pip install -r requirements/py3.txt
+   $ python -m pip install -e ..
+   $ python -m pip install -r requirements/py3.txt
    $ ./runtests.py
 
 Installing the requirements will likely require some operating system packages
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ and other checks (such as :ref:`import sorting <coding-style-imports>`, the
 :ref:`code formatting <coding-style-python>`), install and run the ``tox``
 command from any place in the Django source tree::
 
-    $ pip install tox
+    $ python -m pip install tox
     $ tox
 
 By default, ``tox`` runs the test suite with the bundled test settings file for
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ You can find these dependencies in `pip requirements files`_ inside the
 ``tests/requirements`` directory of the Django source tree and install them
 like so::
 
-   $ pip install -r tests/requirements/py3.txt
+   $ python -m pip install -r tests/requirements/py3.txt
 
 If you encounter an error during the installation, your system might be missing
 a dependency for one or more of the Python packages. Consult the failing

docs/internals/contributing/writing-documentation.txt

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ To build the documentation locally, install Sphinx:
 
 .. console::
 
-     $ pip install Sphinx
+     $ python -m pip install Sphinx
 
 Then from the ``docs`` directory, build the HTML:
 

docs/internals/howto-release-django.txt

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ You'll need a few things before getting started:
 
 * An install of some required Python packages::
 
-      $ pip install wheel twine
+      $ python -m pip install wheel twine
 
 * Access to Django's record on PyPI. Create a file with your credentials:
 
@@ -305,10 +305,10 @@ Now you're ready to actually put the release out there. To do this:
         $ easy_install https://www.djangoproject.com/m/releases/$MAJOR_VERSION/Django-$RELEASE_VERSION.tar.gz
         $ deactivate
         $ mktmpenv
-        $ pip install https://www.djangoproject.com/m/releases/$MAJOR_VERSION/Django-$RELEASE_VERSION.tar.gz
+        $ python -m pip install https://www.djangoproject.com/m/releases/$MAJOR_VERSION/Django-$RELEASE_VERSION.tar.gz
         $ deactivate
         $ mktmpenv
-        $ pip install https://www.djangoproject.com/m/releases/$MAJOR_VERSION/Django-$RELEASE_VERSION-py3-none-any.whl
+        $ python -m pip install https://www.djangoproject.com/m/releases/$MAJOR_VERSION/Django-$RELEASE_VERSION-py3-none-any.whl
         $ deactivate
 
    This just tests that the tarballs are available (i.e. redirects are up) and

docs/intro/contributing.txt

@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ Go ahead and install the previously cloned copy of Django:
 
 .. console::
 
-    $ pip install -e /path/to/your/local/clone/django/
+    $ python -m pip install -e /path/to/your/local/clone/django/
 
 The installed version of Django is now pointing at your local copy. You will
 immediately see any changes you make to it, which is of great help when writing
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ Django ``tests/`` directory and then running:
 
 .. console::
 
-    $ pip install -r requirements/py3.txt
+    $ python -m pip install -r requirements/py3.txt
 
 If you encounter an error during the installation, your system might be missing
 a dependency for one or more of the Python packages. Consult the failing

docs/intro/reusable-apps.txt

@@ -280,14 +280,14 @@ working. We'll now fix this by installing our new ``django-polls`` package.
 #. To install the package, use pip (you already :ref:`installed it
    <installing-reusable-apps-prerequisites>`, right?)::
 
-    pip install --user django-polls/dist/django-polls-0.1.tar.gz
+    python -m pip install --user django-polls/dist/django-polls-0.1.tar.gz
 
 #. With luck, your Django project should now work correctly again. Run the
    server again to confirm this.
 
 #. To uninstall the package, use pip::
 
-    pip uninstall django-polls
+    python -m pip uninstall django-polls
 
 Publishing your app
 ===================

docs/intro/whatsnext.txt

@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ You can get a local copy of the HTML documentation following a few easy steps:
 
   .. console::
 
-        $ pip install Sphinx
+        $ python -m pip install Sphinx
 
 * Then, just use the included ``Makefile`` to turn the documentation into
   HTML:

docs/ref/contrib/gis/install/index.txt

@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ psycopg2
 After you've installed the KyngChaos binaries and modified your ``PATH``, as
 described above, ``psycopg2`` may be installed using the following command::
 
-    $ pip install psycopg2
+    $ python -m pip install psycopg2
 
 .. note::
 

docs/ref/django-admin.txt

@@ -1403,7 +1403,7 @@ correctly:
 
 .. code-block:: console
 
-    $ pip install tblib
+    $ python -m pip install tblib
 
 This feature isn't available on Windows. It doesn't work with the Oracle
 database backend either.

docs/releases/1.9.txt

@@ -1045,9 +1045,9 @@ When installing Django 1.9 or 1.9.1 with setuptools 5.5.x, you'll see::
 
 It's safe to ignore these errors (Django will still install just fine), but you
 can avoid them by upgrading setuptools to a more recent version. If you're
-using pip, you can upgrade pip using ``pip install -U pip`` which will also
-upgrade setuptools. This is resolved in later versions of Django as described
-in the :doc:`/releases/1.9.2`.
+using pip, you can upgrade pip using ``python -m pip install -U pip`` which
+will also upgrade setuptools. This is resolved in later versions of Django as
+described in the :doc:`/releases/1.9.2`.
 
 Miscellaneous
 -------------

docs/topics/auth/passwords.txt

@@ -86,9 +86,10 @@ use of Argon2 rather than the other algorithms supported by Django.
 
 To use Argon2 as your default storage algorithm, do the following:
 
-#. Install the `argon2-cffi library`_.  This can be done by running ``pip
-   install django[argon2]``, which is equivalent to ``pip install argon2-cffi``
-   (along with any version requirement from Django's ``setup.py``).
+#. Install the `argon2-cffi library`_.  This can be done by running
+   ``python -m pip install django[argon2]``, which is equivalent to
+   ``python -m pip install argon2-cffi`` (along with any version requirement
+   from Django's ``setup.py``).
 
 #. Modify :setting:`PASSWORD_HASHERS` to list ``Argon2PasswordHasher`` first.
    That is, in your settings file, you'd put::
@@ -115,9 +116,10 @@ use it Django supports bcrypt with minimal effort.
 
 To use Bcrypt as your default storage algorithm, do the following:
 
-#. Install the `bcrypt library`_. This can be done by running ``pip install
-   django[bcrypt]``, which is equivalent to  ``pip install bcrypt`` (along with
-   any version requirement from Django's ``setup.py``).
+#. Install the `bcrypt library`_. This can be done by running
+   ``python -m pip install django[bcrypt]``, which is equivalent to
+   ``python -m pip install bcrypt`` (along with any version requirement from
+   Django's ``setup.py``).
 
 #. Modify :setting:`PASSWORD_HASHERS` to list ``BCryptSHA256PasswordHasher``
    first. That is, in your settings file, you'd put::

docs/topics/install.txt

@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ This is the recommended way to install Django.
 
    .. console::
 
-        $ pip install Django
+        $ python -m pip install Django
 
 .. _pip: https://pip.pypa.io/
 .. _virtualenv: https://virtualenv.pypa.io/
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ latest bug fixes and improvements, follow these instructions:
 
    .. console::
 
-        $ pip install -e django/
+        $ python -m pip install -e django/
 
    This will make Django's code importable, and will also make the
    ``django-admin`` utility command available. In other words, you're all

docs/topics/templates.txt

@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ Requires Jinja2_ to be installed:
 
 .. console::
 
-    $ pip install Jinja2
+    $ python -m pip install Jinja2
 
 Set :setting:`BACKEND <TEMPLATES-BACKEND>` to
 ``'django.template.backends.jinja2.Jinja2'`` to configure a Jinja2_ engine.

docs/topics/testing/tools.txt

@@ -920,7 +920,7 @@ Python path:
 
 .. console::
 
-    $ pip install selenium
+    $ python -m pip install selenium
 
 Then, add a ``LiveServerTestCase``-based test to your app's tests module
 (for example: ``myapp/tests.py``). For this example, we'll assume you're using

tests/README.rst

@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@ To run the test suite, first, create and activate a virtual environment. Then
 install some requirements and run the tests::
 
     $ cd tests
-    $ pip install -e ..
-    $ pip install -r requirements/py3.txt
+    $ python -m pip install -e ..
+    $ python -m pip install -r requirements/py3.txt
     $ ./runtests.py
 
 For more information about the test suite, see

tests/invalid_models_tests/test_ordinary_fields.py

@@ -631,7 +631,7 @@ class ImageFieldTests(SimpleTestCase):
             Error(
                 'Cannot use ImageField because Pillow is not installed.',
                 hint=('Get Pillow at https://pypi.org/project/Pillow/ '
-                      'or run command "pip install Pillow".'),
+                      'or run command "python -m pip install Pillow".'),
                 obj=field,
                 id='fields.E210',
             ),

tox.ini

 # Tox (https://tox.readthedocs.io/) is a tool for running tests in multiple
 # virtualenvs. This configuration file helps to run the test suite on all
-# supported Python versions. To use it, "pip install tox" and then run "tox"
-# from this directory.
+# supported Python versions. To use it, "python -m pip install tox" and
+# then run "tox" from this directory.
 
 [tox]
 skipsdist = true