The Subquery class which Exists inherits from defaulted to using single-valued
querie's field if no output_field was explicitly specified on initialization
which was bypassing the Exists.output_field defined at the class level.

Moving Subquery's dynamic output_field resolution to _resolve_output_field
should make sure the fallback logic is only performed if required.

Regression in 08654a99.

Thanks Oli Warner for the detailed report.

Backport of 277ed072 from master